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Diabetic hyperosmolar coma is a life-threatening medical emergency that can occur in people with diabetes. People with diabetes are more likely than other people to develop this potentially fatal condition because their bodies have difficulty producing and using insulin—the hormone that controls your blood sugar levels. Knowing the warning signs, as well as treatment and prevention tips, can help you better understand and manage your diabetes.
What Is Diabetic Hyperosmolar Coma?
Diabetic hyperosmolar coma is a severe form of diabetes in which your blood sugar rises to a dangerously high level. When this happens, excess sugar is pulled out of the blood and into the body’s cells and tissues, resulting in high levels of sugar in your urine, sweat, and saliva. If left untreated, diabetic hyperosmolar coma can have serious complications, including organ damage, coma, and even death.
Early Signs of Diabetic Hyperosmolar Coma
The early symptoms of diabetic hyperosmolar coma can often be difficult to detect, but it’s important to recognize them so that you can seek immediate medical attention if needed. Early signs of diabetic hyperosmolar coma include:
- Extreme thirst
- Frequent urination
- Confusion or disorientation
- Hot or dry skin
- High fever
- Shortness of breath
- Unusual fatigue
- Frequent or severe headaches
- Blurry vision
The best way to prevent diabetic hyperosmolar coma is to keep your blood sugar levels within their normal range. If you have diabetes, make sure you follow your doctor’s recommendations for diet, exercise, and medication. Additionally, check your blood sugar levels regularly and be sure to keep your doctor informed about any changes.
Treatment for Diabetic Hyperosmolar Coma
If you have diabetic hyperosmolar coma, it’s important to seek treatment as soon as possible. Treatment typically involves intravenous fluids—which helps remove excess sugar from your body—and insulin to lower your blood sugar levels and help restore your body’s normal balance. Additionally, your doctor may prescribe medications to control your blood sugar and reduce other symptoms.
Diabetic Hyperosmolar Coma Prevention Tips
The best way to prevent diabetic hyperosmolar coma is to keep your blood sugar levels within their normal range. If you have diabetes, make sure you follow your doctor’s recommendations for diet, exercise, and medication. Additionally, check your blood sugar levels regularly and be sure to keep your doctor informed about any changes. Taking steps to prevent diabetes-related emergency care is a key part of managing your health.