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Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by extreme and dangerous weight loss, as well as a distorted body image. It is a serious mental health condition that can have long-term physical and psychological effects.
Causes of Anorexia Nervosa
There is no single cause for anorexia. It is thought to be caused by a combination of environmental, genetic, and psychological factors. People with anorexia may feel social pressure to be thin and attractive, or to achieve high performance in activities such as sports or academics. They may also have an anxiety disorder, depression, or an obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa
The physical symptoms of anorexia nervosa include:
- Extremely low body weight: People with anorexia typically have a body mass index (BMI) lower than 17.5.
- Fatigue and lack of energy: People with anorexia may feel tired and have problems concentrating.
- Obsessive thoughts about food: People with anorexia may have extreme preoccupation with counting calories and controlling what they eat.
- Irregular menstrual periods: The extreme weight loss associated with anorexia can cause irregular periods or cause them to stop altogether.
- Hair loss: Anorexia can lead to nutritional deficiencies that can cause thinning hair or hair loss.
Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
Treatment for anorexia is typically done through a combination of therapy and medical care. Therapy can help clients address their distorted body image, underlying mental health issues, and the behavior associated with anorexia. Treatment can also include nutrition counseling and meal planning to ensure the right nutritional balance.
Medical care is also an important part of anorexia treatment. It can include monitoring of vital signs and lab work, to ensure that the individual is medically stable, as well as medications to address symptoms such as anxiety and depression.
Health Complications of Anorexia Nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental health disorder that can have long-term physical and psychological effects. These can include weakened immune system, heart problems, infertility, bone loss, and an increased risk for suicide.
It is important to seek help if you or someone you know is exhibiting any of the signs of anorexia. With proper treatment, many people with anorexia are able to successfully manage the condition and regain a healthy body weight and an improved relationship to food and body image.