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Premature birth is one of the leading causes of infant deaths in both developed and developing countries. Estimates suggest that 15 million babies are born preterm, or before 37 weeks of gestation, every year. Fortunately, timely detection enables healthcare providers to take measures to reduce the risk and to deliver better medical care. Here, we detail some strategies and tips for early detection of preterm birth and how it contributes to better health outcomes.
Identifying High-Risk Factors
It is important to identify and monitor high-risk factors that can lead to preterm birth. Women who have had previous preterm births and those older than 40 years are at a significantly higher risk. Additionally, long-term diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases can make a woman more susceptible to preterm birth. Additionally, the use of certain medications during pregnancy and infections should both be monitored.
Screening for Preterm Labor
Throughout a woman’s pregnancy, healthcare providers should continue to monitor for signs of preterm labor. [1]This includes tracking changes in the abdomen, monitoring for changes in the baby’s movement pattern, and measuring Cervical Length (CL). Measurement of cervical length can provide an early warning of impending preterm labor. Ultrasound measurements of cervical length should be taken at frequent intervals to detect imminent labor.
Using Risk-Prediction Tests
The use of different tests and algorithms has enabled healthcare providers to accurately predict the risk of preterm labor. [2] One such method is the Fetal Fibronectin (fFN)Test, which detects the presence of fibronectin proteins in vaginal secretions that are indicative of a risk of preterm labor. Clinical practice guidelines recommend that the fFN test is taken at weekly intervals if it has not been previously detected.
While these tests can provide some measure of confidence, it is important to remember that preterm birth can nevertheless occur. For this reason, women should also be informed about the signs of preterm labor and advised to visit their healthcare provider at the earliest possible opportunity.
Conclusion
Early detection is key to reducing the risk of preterm birth and providing better health outcomes. Healthcare providers should be vigilant in identifying high-risk factors, monitoring for signs of preterm labor, and utilizing risk-prediction tests such as the fFN test. Ultimately, being proactive and staying informed are the best strategies to reduce the burden of preterm births.
Keywords:
Preterm Birth, Health Outcomes, High-Risk Factors, Cervical Length, Fetal Fibronectin Test, Infections