Contents
What is a Malignant Melanoma?
A malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that originates from the melanocytes, cells that produce the pigment melanin. It is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and the fifth most common form of cancer.
What Causes Malignant Melanoma?
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the main cause of malignant melanoma, but other environmental factors can increase the risk. These include:
- Excessive exposure to UV radiation from the sun or from tanning beds
- Fair skin and sensitivity to UV radiation
- Family history of melanoma
- A weakened immune system due to a chronic illness or medication
What are the Symptoms of Malignant Melanoma?
The most common symptom of malignant melanoma is a spot on the skin that grows, changes color, or bleeds. This is known as an atypical mole.
Other symptoms may include:
- A mole that has an irregular shape with ragged, notched, or blurry edges
- A mole that is larger than normal or is larger than the size of a pencil eraser
- A mole that has more than one color, including tan, brown, black, blue, red, or white
- A mole that feels itchy or scaly
- A mole that has changed in color, size, or shape over the past few months
How is Malignant Melanoma Treated?
Malignant melanoma can be treated depending on the stage at which it is found. In early-stage melanoma, the tumor can typically be removed with surgery. In more advanced cases, certain types of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and biological therapy can be used.
Regular skin examinations by a dermatologist are important in detecting and treating melanoma early.
Tips for Managing Malignant Melanoma
Prevention
- Avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours (10 am to 4pm)
- Wear sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and reapply regularly
- Wear protective clothing such as a long-sleeved shirt, a wide-brimmed hat, and sunglasses
- Have a regular skin check-up with a dermatologist
Treatment
- Adhere to treatment plans as advised by your doctor
- Understand the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation and how to manage them
- Follow-up regularly with your doctor
- Understand the long-term implications of the treatment
Malignant melanoma is a dangerous form of skin cancer that can be fatal if not treated. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is key to managing this condition and preserving your health. Working closely with your doctor can help you get the care you need.