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Peripheral Artery Disease Overview
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition where arteries become narrowed and blocked, reducing the amount of oxygen-rich blood circulating to your organs, tissues, and extremities. This reduced blood flow can lead to decreased quality of life, pain, and other significant health risks. PAD affects 8-12 million Americans and is more common in people over 50. To prevent the negative effects of PAD, it’s important to understand the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
PAD Symptoms
PAD symptoms can range from none to severe, but in general can include:
- Pain in the legs and hips when walking, known as claudication
- Coldness in the extremities due to poor circulation
- Thickened toenails and discolored skin with reduced hair growth.
In extreme cases, PAD can lead to gangrene, infections, and a greater risk of stroke or heart attack.
PAD Diagnosis
Doctors use several tools to diagnose PAD, which generally involve tests and examinations to measure your pulse rate and artery blockage. Other tests include:
- Angiography – a special x-ray to visualize veins and arteries.
- CT scans – special imaging tests to diagnose blood clots and blockages.
- Ultrasound – to measure blood flow within the artery.
PAD Treatment
Treatment options vary depending on the severity of your condition, but can include:
- Medication – to reduce cholesterol, improve circulation, and reduce inflammation.
- Lifestyle changes – diet, exercise, and smoking cessation.
- Surgery – to open blocked or narrowed arteries.
PAD and Health
Diagnosing and treating PAD can help protect overall health and reduce the risk of serious complications like stroke and heart attacks. By understanding PAD’s symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments, you can more easily recognize the signs of PAD and ensure you receive the care you need.