Congenital cataracts – also known as infantile or childhood cataracts – is an eye condition which manifests itself during the early stages of a person’s life. These cataracts are caused by a variety of factors, but the most common is a genetic mutation which interferes with the body’s ability to produce a lens that is clear and light sensitive. Cataracts can cause poor vision, and can lead to blindness if they are not treated.
Signs and Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of congenital cataracts include:
- Blurry vision. This is the most common symptom of congenital cataracts and is a sign of clouding of the lens in a child’s eye.
- Decreased vision. In some cases, congenital cataracts can cause a decrease in vision and a decrease in quality of vision.
- Light sensitivity. Congenital cataracts can cause light sensitivity in children.
Causes
Congenital cataracts can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic mutation, infections, and birth complications. In rare cases, cataracts can also be caused by exposure to certain drugs or toxins during pregnancy.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis: Diagnosis of congenital cataracts is done through a comprehensive eye exam, which includes a thorough examination of the eyes and a dilated fundus examination to observe any opacity in the lens.
Treatment: Depending on the severity of the cataracts, treatment may involve surgery or medication. Surgery is necessary to remove the cataract and the lens can then be replaced with a synthetic lens. Medication may also be prescribed to reduce inflammation or to prevent the cataracts from progressing.
Congenital cataracts can be treated successfully, and early diagnosis and treatment can ensure that the child’s vision remains intact. It is important to seek medical help as soon as possible if you suspect your child may have congenital cataracts.
Health and Wellbeing
Having proper health and wellbeing is important for people of all ages, but especially children. Proper nutrition, exercise, and quality sleep are essential for young children’s development and growth. Regular eye exams can also help in detecting any vision problems, including early cataracts, in childhood and can help ensure that proper treatments are used to maintain optimal vision throughout life.